laravel db migrate

// roll back
php artisan migrate:rollback
php artisan migrate:rollback --step=5  // rollback the last five migrations
php artisan migrate:reset  // roll back all of your application's migrations

roll back all of your migrations and then execute the  migrate command. This command effectively re-creates your entire database:
php artisan migrate:refresh
php artisan migrate:refresh --step=5

//drop all tables and re-run all migrations
php artisan migrate:fresh

laravel table schema mapping

Auto-incrementing UNSIGNED BIGINT (primary key)  => $table->bigIncrements('id');
DATE  => $table->date('created_at');
DATETIME  => $table->dateTime('created_at');
VARCHAR  => $table->string('name', 100);
TEXT  => $table->text('description');
TIMESTAMP  => $table->timestamp('added_on');

Allows (by default) NULL values to be inserted into the column
->nullable($value = true)

Specify a "default" value for the column
->default($value)

Add a comment
->comment('my comment')

Set INTEGER columns as auto-increment (primary key)
->autoIncrement()

DjangoのModel使用

１）Modelを定義
appフォルダーにmodels.pyにTableとColumnを定義
from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

２）appをProjectに結び付く
settings.pyのINSTALLED_APPSにappを追加

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
    .....

３）migrations作成
python manage.py makemigrations polls

４）migrate実施
python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001  #どんなSQL実行されるか確認
python manage.py migrate